Improvement in carbureting apparatus



0. A. PAQUELIN. G-arbureting Apparatus.

Patented July 30, 1878.

[71 uni/41 N. PEI'ERS. PHQTO-LIYMOGRAPHER, WASNXNGTON. D c

UNITED STATES PATEn'r (large.

CLAUDE ANDRE PAQUELIN, or PARIS, FRANCE.

IMPROVEMENT IN CARBURETING APPARATUS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 206,402, dated July 30, 1878 application filed February 15, 1878 patented in France, November 22, 1877.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CLAUDE ANDRE PA- QUELIN, M. D., of Paris, France, have invented, Improvements in Apparatus for (Jarburet' ing Air or Gas; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed sheet of drawings, making a part of the same. 7

This invention relates to apparatus for carburetin g air and gases with liquid hydrocarbons, and is applicable for lighting or heatin g purposes, or both.

The apparatus comprises, first, a reservoir of liquid hydrocarbon; second, an apparatus for circulating the air or gas, (this may be a meter driven by clock-work or weights, a weighted gas-holder, a mechanical injector, or other means of forcing the air or gas third, an apparatus for distributing the liquid hydrocarbon; fourth, a carbureter for mixing the hydrocarbon with the air or gas; fifth, a burner for heating the carbureter.

The characteristic features of this combined apparatus are the peculiar air or gas circulating apparatus and the hydrocarbon-distributer, which are interdependent, so that the air or gas and the hydrocarbon are always supplied to the earbureter in constant proportions, which may, however, be varied at will, so as to yield a constant product.

The carbureter is maintained at a constant temperature by means of a peculiar form of regulator, termed an expansion regulator, whose oflice is to so regulate the flame of a burner supplied from the ca-rbureter itself as to render the volatilization of every particle of the liquid hydrocarbon complete, so as to enable comparatively heavy oils, which are plentiful and cheap, to be used, if necessary.

In order that the invention may be more readily understood, I will proceed to describe it with reference to the annexed drawings, which represent one example of the invention.

Figure l is a part sectional elevation of the apparatus complete. Fig. 2 represents certain details of the hydrocarbon-distributer.

A is the earbureting-chamber, constructed of a castiron cylinder, closed at the top by a cover. The bottom is cast with a dome or heating-chamber of cylindrical form rising up into the carbureter, as shown, and heated by a burner, B, described herein after. The upper part of the annular space between the sides of the carbureter and the heating-chamber a b c d is filled with broken glass or other suitable material resting on a grating, f, upon which thehydrocarbon supplied, as hereinafter described, is caused to trickle. The air or gas supplied by a suitable forcing apparatus and by the meter 0 enters the mixing-chamber by the pipe E, beneath the grating f, and circulates through or between the fragments of glass upon said grating, which are kept wetted withhydrocarbon, as above mentioned. The air thus becomes carbureted, and, rising through the mixin g-clramber, passes out at pipe F, to be consumed after traversing some wiregauze.

The air or gas is supplied as in other carbureters, either by a gas-holder (filled by a hand-pump) to the meter 0, or by an exhauster, operated by clock-work, counter-weights, or otherwise. The shaft of the meter drum traverses the side of the casing O, and is geared, as shown, with the shaft of the apparatus D, which supplies the liquid hydrocarbon to the carburetor. Change-wheels may be employed to vary the proportions of air or gas and hydrocarbon. This distributor consists of a sheet-iron cylinder supplied with hydrocarbon from a reservoir, 11-, which may be situated outside the room. Communication is established by pipes g g and 3 31, respectively, between the upper and lower parts of the distributer and the reservoir R. R is filled at an aperture, 0, closed by a stopper. A gageglass may be affixed to the reservoir to show the height of the liquid therein, and the reservoir can be refilled, when required, without interrupting the working of the apparatus. At the lower part of the distributor are three disks, 1 s t, Fig. 2, whose surfaces are made perfectly true. The lowest disk, 2, is soldered in the distributer near and above'the bottom, and is provided with one or two ports or passages, it, through which the hydrocarbon can flow into the space a, beneath whence it flows through cook a and pipe to to the carburcter A. h is a central vertical spindle stepped in a central cavity in disk 25, and passing up through the distributor D and through a shifting-box on the cover thereof. The spindle h is geared by bevel-wheels ij with the horizontal shaft K, which, as before mentioned, is geared with the axis of the meter-drum, so that whenthe latter turns the spindle h turns also. The disk 8 has one or more ports or passages,s and also a central hole, 8, through which the spindle 71, on which the disk 8 is keyed, passes. The disk 8 rests and turns upon disk 2, and its ports 8 successively come opposite the ports t. A third disk, 1, having a central hole, 1, by which it is slipped on the spindle h, and two ports or passages, r, does not turn with the spindle h, but is fixed in such a position that its ports 1" are in a vertical plane at right angles to the plane of the ports t.

Thus arranged, when the metendrum is rotated by the passage of the air or gas, the spindle h and disk 8 turn also, and the ports .9 are alternately filled with hydrocarbon as they pass under ports 7', and emptied as they pass over ports t. The quantity of liquid hydrocarbon which is thus intermittently supplied to a, and thence to the carbureter, is thus proportional to the number of revolutions of the meter-drum, or, in other words, to the volume of air or gas which it supplies to the carbureter, so that by suitably proportioning the gearing and the size of the ports 8 the quantity of hydrocarbon to a given volume of air or gas may be regulated as required.

The tube 20, which conveys the hydrocarbon from the distributer to the carbureter, communicates with a serpentinegutter, z, whence the liquid hydrocarbon drips onto the broken glass or other material on the grating f.

In order to maintain a constant temperature in the carburetor, a small chamber, m, is fixed on the cover of the carbureter and communicates with the interior thereof. Access is had to the chamber m at the top, which is closed by a screw-plug. A U-shaped regulator, a o 17, made of two metals-iron and copper-is fixed by one end to the inside of the cover of the carbureter and is connected at the other end to the stem 4; of a valve, 00, contained in chamber m. The valve a: is screwed on the rod r, so that it can be readily adjusted nearer to or farther from its seat.

The operation is as follows: When the temperature rises, the U-shaped regulator expands and the valve :0 is drawn down toward its seat. By leading a tube from chamber m above the valve-seat to the burner B the latter may be supplied with carbureted air from the carbureter. The flame of the burner heats the carbureter, and as the temperature rises the valve 00 is gradually closed and the supply to the burner reduced, so that by suitably adjusting the regulator and valve any desired temperature may be constantly maintained. B may be a Bunsen lamp, and the lower air-inlet thereof may be regulated or closed beforehand. The burner proper is a rin g-shaped copper tube, pierced with holes, at which the carbureted air is burned, or any other suitable burner may be used.

With such an arrangement the carburete may be raised to 60 or 100 centigrade wit-1r out inconvenience, so that much heavier hydrocarbons than have necessarily been used hitherto may be employed, a very good light being obtainable by using hydrocarbons marking 680, or even 780, which abound in commerce.

I claim 1. In a carbureting apparatus, the combination of the distributor I) with the hydrocarbon-reservoir R and chamber A, the distributer being provided with the revolving shaft h and two or more perforated disks, .9 f a-, substantially as specified.

2. In a carbureting apparatus, the carburetor A, provided with the chamber m, valve or, stem '0, and U-shaped regulator 11 0 1), substantially as specified,

CLAUDE ANDRE PAQUELIN.

Vitnesses:

DAVID T. S. FULLER, JEAN BAPTISTE ROLLAND. 

